What is considered a vulnerable population in human subjects research?

A vulnerable population in human subjects research refers to groups that may have an increased likelihood of coercion or undue influence, or who may be at a higher risk for harm due to their circumstances or status. This definition typically includes individuals such as children, prisoners, people with mental disabilities, or those who are economically or educationally disadvantaged.

Children and prisoners are often considered particularly vulnerable due to their restricted autonomy or ability to give informed consent. Children cannot fully comprehend the implications of participation in research, while prisoners may feel pressure to participate due to their confined circumstances or potential benefits related to their incarceration.

In contrast, the other groups listed do not qualify as vulnerable in the same way. Healthy adults over the age of 65, while they may have specific health considerations, generally have the capacity to understand research participation and provide informed consent. Individuals participating in public surveys are also not typically viewed as vulnerable since participation is often voluntary and can be done anonymously. Lastly, people with experience in research are usually better equipped to understand the ethical and procedural aspects of research, making them less vulnerable than others. Thus, the correct response highlights the unique considerations required for the ethical treatment of specific groups in research.