What is the difference between assent and consent in research involving minors?

In research involving minors, the distinction between assent and consent is crucial for ethical and legal considerations. Consent refers to the permission granted by a parent or legal guardian for a minor to participate in research. This is a formal agreement that acknowledges that the guardian has the legal authority to make decisions concerning the child's welfare and participation in research activities.

On the other hand, assent involves the minor's agreement to participate in the research. While minors may lack the legal capacity to give consent, they can still express their willingness to participate in ways that reflect their understanding and agreement. Obtaining assent respects the autonomy of the minor and encourages their involvement in the decision-making process, acknowledging that, even at a young age, individuals have a voice regarding their participation in research.

The relationship between consent and assent helps ensure that both guardians' responsibilities and minors' rights are upheld in the context of research. This distinction emphasizes the importance of involving minors in ethical discussions about participation while recognizing the legal protections afforded to them.