What is the principle of beneficence in research ethics?

The principle of beneficence in research ethics emphasizes the obligation researchers have to minimize potential harm while maximizing the benefits for participants involved in a study. This principle underlines the ethical commitment to ensure that the well-being of participants is safeguarded throughout the research process.

By focusing on minimizing harm, researchers are tasked with considering the physical, psychological, and social risks that participants may face, and taking measures to mitigate those risks. Simultaneously, maximizing benefits means that researchers should strive to enhance the positive outcomes of the research for the participants, as well as for society at large. This could encompass various aspects, such as delivering valuable insights or contributing to knowledge that can lead to improved practices or policies.

In contrast, other options address important ethical principles but do not specifically encapsulate the essence of beneficence. Informed consent relates to the ethical obligation to ensure that participants are fully aware of the nature of the research and agree to participate. Respecting confidentiality pertains to protecting participants' privacy and personal information. Publishing all research findings touches on transparency and accountability in research but does not directly align with the concepts of minimizing harm and maximizing benefits inherent in beneficence.