Which activity can be considered "preparatory to research"?

The activity considered "preparatory to research" is conducting pilot studies. Preparatory activities are those that lay the groundwork for the main research project, ensuring that the research can be carried out effectively and efficiently.

Conducting pilot studies is an essential preparatory step because it allows researchers to test their methods, refine their research questions, and identify potential problems before the full-scale study begins. This may include assessing the feasibility of the research design, the appropriateness of data collection instruments, and any logistical challenges. By engaging in pilot studies, researchers can gather preliminary data and make necessary adjustments to improve the robustness of their primary research efforts.

Recruiting subjects, while critical for executing the main research project, occurs after preparatory activities have established the study framework. Analyzing statistical data and publishing research findings take place after the core research has been conducted, placing them outside the preparatory phase. Therefore, the focus on conducting pilot studies marks it as the primary preparatory activity in the research process.